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Gower D, Kretzschmar KM (1976) Heat production and chemical change during isometric contraction of rat soleus muscle. Gollnick PD, Hermansen L (1973) Biochemical adaptations to exercise: Anaerobic metabolism In: Wilmore JH (ed) Exercise and sports sciences reviews, vol 1, Academic Press, New York, pp 1–43 Gibbs CL, Gibson WR (1972) Energy production of rat soleus muscle. Microvas Res 1:1–14įunderburk CF, Hipskind SG, Welton RC, Lind AC (1974) Development of and recovery from fatigue induced by static effort at various tensions. J Physiol (Lond) 251:303–315įolkow B, Halicka HD (1968) A comparison between “red” and “white” muscle with respect to blood supply, capillary surface area and oxygen uptake during rest and exercise. J Physiol (Lond) 299:465–484Įdwards RHT, Hill DK, Jones DA (1975) Heat production and chemical changes during isometric contractions of the human quadriceps muscle. Physiol Rev 690–761ĭawson MJ, Gadian DG, Wilkie DR (1980) Mechanical relaxation rate and metabolism studied in fatiguing muscle by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance. Physiol Rev 52:129–197Ĭurtin NA, Woledge RC (1978) Energy changes and muscular contraction. Proc Roy Soc Ser B 136:182–196Ĭarlson FD, Wilkie DR (1974) Muscle Physiology Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall IncĬlose RL (1972) Dynamic properties of mammalian skeletal muscles. J Physiol (Lond) 125:322–335īrown GL, Burns BD (1949) Fatigue and neuromuscular block in mammalian skeletal muscle. J Physiol (Lond) 123:214–224īigland B, Lippold OCJ (1954b) Motor unit activity in the voluntary contraction of human muscle. Eur J Biochem 2:156–164īigland B, Lippold OCJ (1954a) Relationship between force, velocity and integrated electrical activity in human muscle. J Gen Physiol 50:Suppl 197–216īárány M, Conover TE, Schliselfeld LH, Gaetjens E, Goffart M (1967) Relation of properties of isolated myosin to those of intact muscles of the cat and sloth.
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But in comparison to the soleus muscle, the gastrocnemius muscle consistently had a greater percentage of its total net energy cost provided by anaerobic glycolysis rather than aerobic metabolism for the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles the percent of the total metabolism from anaerobic pathways was 74% and 18% during the 10% contraction, and 96% and 84% during the 75% contraction for the medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles respectively.īárány M (1967) ATPase activity of mysoin correlated with speed of muscle shortening. For both muscles, the metabolism shifted toward anaerobic pathways at higher contraction tensions. Total net energy cost was greater for the gastrocnemius than for the soleus muscle at each tension studied. This allowed submaximal isometric contractions to be maintained at tensions of 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% of the initial strength of each muscle (tetanic tension of the unfatigued muscle determined at the beginning of each experiment). For this, a computer-controlled sequential stimulation system was employed that enabled fused isometric contractions at frequencies of motor unit discharge within the normal physiological range. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the net energy cost incurred by cat soleus (slow twitch muscle) and medial gastrocnemius (predominantly fast twitch muscle) muscles for isometric contractions.